Everything about Robert I Duke Of Parma totally explained
Robert I (Italian:
Roberto I Carlo Luigi Maria di Borbone, Duca di Parma e Piacenza;
July 9,
1848 –
November 16,
1907) was the last sovereign
Duke of Parma and Piacenza from
1854 until
1859, until the duchy was annexed to
Italy. He was a member of the
House of Bourbon, descended from
Philip, Duke of Parma the third son of
King Philip V of Spain and
Elizabeth Farnese.
Biography
Born in
Florence, Robert was the son of
Charles III, Duke of Parma and
Louise Marie Thérèse of France, daughter of
Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry and granddaughter of King
Charles X of France. He succeeded his father to the ducal throne in
1854 upon the latter's assassination, when he was only six, while his mother stood as regent.
When Duke Robert was eleven years old he was deposed, as Sardinian troops annexed other Italian states, ultimately to form the
Kingdom of Italy.
Despite losing his throne, Robert and his family enjoyed considerable wealth, traveling in a private train of more than a dozen cars from his castles at Schwarzau am Steinfeld near
Vienna, to
Villa Pianore in northwest Italy, and the magnificent
château de Chambord in France.
Less than four months after Duke Robert's death in 1907 the Grand Marshal of the Austrian court declared six of the children of his first marriage legally incompetent (they were mentally retarded), at the behest of his widow, Duchess Maria Antonia. Nonetheless, Robert's primary heir was Elias,
Duke of Parma, 1880-1959), the youngest son of his first marriage and the only one of his sons to father children of his own. Elias also became the legal guardian of his six elder siblings. Although the eldest half-brothers, Sixte and Xavier, eventually sued their half-brother Elias for trying to obtain a greater share of the
ducal fortune, they lost in the French courts, leaving the issue of Robert's second marriage with modest prospects.
Some of his younger sons served in the Austrian armed forces.
Family
In 1869, in exile, he married
Princess Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies (1849-1882), daughter of king
Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. Maria Pia belonged to the deposed Royal Family of the Two Sicilies, and was thus a Bourbon, like her husband. She bore him 12 children, before dying in childbirth:
It isn't clear whether the last two children were mentally retarded also, like their other six older siblings.
After his first wife's death in childbirth, he remarried in 1884 to
Maria Antonia of Portugal, daughter of the deposed
Miguel I of Portugal and
Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. She bore him another 12 children:
Ancestry
Further Information
Get more info on 'Robert I Duke Of Parma'.
|
External Link Exchanges
Do you know how hard it is to get a link from a large encyclopaedia? Well we're different and will prove it. To get a link from us just add the following HTML to your site on a relevant page:
<a href="http://robert_i__duke_of_parma.totallyexplained.com">Robert I, Duke of Parma Totally Explained</a>
Then simply click through this link from your web page. Our crawlers will verify your link, extract the title of your web page and instantly add a link back to it. If you like you can remove the words Totally Explained and embed the link in article text.
As long as your link remains in place, we'll keep our link to you right here. Please play fair - our crawlers are watching. Your site must be closely related to this one's topic. Any kind of spamming, dubious practises or removing the link will result in your link from us being dropped and, potentially, your whole site being banned. |
